There were also five additional days ( six in leap years ).ĭuring the entire period of validity of the revolutionary calendar, the beginning of the year was fixed on the equinox day in autumn, more precisely at midnight before the true autumn equinox - based on Paris. People didn't want to have every fourth day off (Sunday) taken from them.Īccording to the revolutionary calendar, the year had 12 months of 30 days each with 3 decades (10 days). As a result, there was only one day off every ten days (plus a few public holidays at the end of the year in September), which made the calendar less popular. In addition, the principle of " reason " should be expressed in the extensive adaptation to the decimal system. The old dating according to the Gregorian calendar was disparagingly called ère vulgaire (EV instead of AD ) in revolutionary regulations, i.e. the birth of Christ, Christian holidays). The revolution had established the separation of church and state in France, so the new calendar should no longer contain any Christian reference (e.g. Today authors occasionally use dating according to this calendar to give books about the revolution a certain historical tone. In 1871 he was used again during the left-wing radical Paris Commune. In the parts of Europe that belonged to French national territory during the Napoleonic period, the revolutionary calendar was binding in public affairs. Napoleon I reintroduced the Gregorian calendar in 1806. The republican calendar lasted until December 31, 1805.
The French revolutionary calendar was therefore not proleptic, did not point back to the past. For dates before September 22, 1792, the dating of the Gregorian calendar was still used. The part of the year 1793 up to September 21, which, according to the previous orientation on the Gregorian calendar, had counted as year II, was assigned to year I. This 2nd republican calendar came into effect on Novem(4th Frimaire II) retrospectively from September 22, 1792. On October 5, 1793, the National Convention decided to renew the counting of days and months. On Septemthe National Convention abolished the monarchy At the same time, he decided to start the "Year I of the Republic" (An I de la République Française) on this date and to oblige the state institutions to use the new, changed year. On August 10, 1792, with the Tuileries Tower, the "Year I of Equality" was proclaimed. This year count was taken up again in the positivist calendar in 1849. Januwas the beginning of year II of freedom. Since the Gregorian calendar was otherwise retained, year I lasted only 5½ months. On July 15, 1789, one day after storming the Bastille, the An I de la liberté ("Year One of Freedom") was proclaimed, but initially only unofficially according to this calendar, for example dated by revolutionary newspapers such as the Moniteur. All opinions contained on this site are mine and do not represent the opinions of my employers, family, friends or pet dinosaurs.First year II, then year I of the republic Send me an e-mail: updated February 16 th 2011. Hence the two calculators will sometimes give results a day apart. It used the astronomical system for determining leap years that was actually used.Īs a consequence of the two different systems, there were leap years in years III, VII and XI which is reflected in this calculator, whilst in the calculator above the leap years fall in years IV, VIII, XII, XVI, etc. This second calculator will convert revolutionary dates for years I to XIV (the years the calendar was actually in use) into the Gregorian calendar.
It is based on the mathematical calculation of leap years proposed in 1795 but never used. It will convert Gregorian dates after September 22nd 1792, the official start of the calendar, into the revolutionary calendar. The calculator below is an expanded version of a script which I developed for The Voice of the Turtle. French Revolutionary Calendar on Wikipedia. From 1793-1805 France used a different calendar from the rest of the world, until Napoleon abolished it and returned France to the Gregorian Calendar for the start of 1806.
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